Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a supraventricular arrhythmia with chaotic electrical activity of the atria with a pulse rate of 350-700 per minute. Worldwide, AF is the most common arrhythmia in adults and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. At present, the prevalence of AF among adults is 2-4%, and due to an increase in life expectancy among the population and an improvement in diagnostics, an increase in the prevalence of AF is expected by 2.3 times. Antral isolation of the pulmonary veins (PV) is the cornerstone of AF ablation, according to the HRS expert consensus, supported by the European Association of Cardiology. To completely isolate the PV, a continuous ablation line is created. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) does not always allow achieving complete isolation, complications often arise (up to 4.9%) – PV stenosis, atrial perforation, and thromboembolism. Cryoablation is based on the destruction of the arrhythmogenic zone along the perimeter of the contact of the cryoballoon with the PV orifice in one action ("single shot"), which provides the main advantage of cryoablation over RFA – a shorter duration and a low rate of complications of the procedure. It is known that PV isolation is recommended for symptomatic paroxysms of AF, when antiarrhythmic therapy (AAT) did not preserve a stable sinus rhythm. However, there are studies showing that cryoballoon ablation as a first-line therapy for the prevention of AF recurrence has been shown to be superior over AAT. In 61% of cases, a single cryoablation procedure for the treatment of persistent AF is effective within 12 months after the procedure. Also, according to studies, cryoablation in patients under 40 years of age gives a successful result in 88% of cases. The article presents a case of successful cryoablation of the orifices of the pulmonary veins in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation.