Objective: to evaluate the features of the course, risk factors and long-term results of various methods of surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation in women. Material and methods. The object of the scientific work was 100 patients with paroxysmal or persistent forms of AF(Atrial Fibrillation) and mitral insufficiency of varying severity, who were hospitalized in the Department of Surgical Treatment of Interactive Pathology from 2017 to 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the method of surgical intervention: the group of radiofrequency ablation and the group of the "Maze III" operation. Each of the presented groups included 25 men and 25 women.. The study evaluated the results of surgical treatment in two independent groups: the group of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and the group of the operation " Maze III " between men and women . Comparison between RFA and " Maze III " groups was not carried out. The study assessed the immediate results of surgical interventions, as well as results 6, and 12 months after the performed surgical interventions Results. The presence of sinus rhythm after RFA at the hospital stage in women is inferior to the results of intervention in men and is 88% versus 96%, respectively. Women also have a greater number of non-lethal intraoperative complications. The number of thromboembolic complications in the two groups did not differ. The immediate results of the "Maze III" operation in women are are less in magnitude, then in men. For parameters such as maintaining sinus rhythm (92% in men and 88% in women), the need for implantation of a permanent rhythm driver. Women had a greater number of non-lethal intraoperative and postoperative complications, including thromboembolic. Long-term results of RFA show that аfter 6 months 64% of men and 56% of women were free from Arrhythmia. after 12 months – 72% of men and 64% of women. The long-term results of "Labyrinth 3B" show that аfter 6 months in this group 72% of men and 60% of women were free from arrhythmia; after 12 months – 80% of men and 64% of women. Conclusion. Our study, carried out at the Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, reports on the inhomogeneous results of various methods of treating AF (interventional and cardiac surgery) in women and men. The effectiveness of both surgical and interventional methods of treatment is lower in women, than in men, and the number of repeated hospitalizations for arrhythmia in women is higher, which obliges the medical practitioner to actively examine women, determine the initial severity and identify risk factors for the development and recurrence of AF, when possible- modify them. Based on the obtained clinical picture and analysis, timely refer them to surgical treatment, as well as closely monitor the intake of both antiarrhythmic and anticoagulant therapy at the pre- and postoperative stage.